Canine Stress in the Vet's Waiting Room

Almost 30% of dogs are highly stressed in the waiting room, but owners don’t necessarily know if their dog is stressed or not.

By Zazie Todd, PhD

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Some dogs show signs of stress in the waiting room at the vet, according to a study by Chiara Mariti (University of Pisa) et al, but there are some surprises in the results. 45 healthy dogs and their owners each came for a scheduled appointment at the vet, where they spent 3 minutes in the waiting room. The dogs were videoed while owners completed a questionnaire. Later, a veterinary behaviourist also rated the dogs based on the video.

According to owners, 44% of the dogs experienced ‘low’ stress in the waiting room, 27% were at a ‘medium’ level, and 29% were rated as highly stressed. The behaviourist said 42% had ‘low’ stress, 29% ‘medium’ and 29% ‘high’. It looks like almost perfect agreement – except they didn’t agree on which dogs were stressed.

And here’s where it gets interesting, because the researchers coded the videos for specific stress behaviours. It turns out the owners noticed overt signals of stress, because when dogs tried to hide or to leave the waiting room they were rated as highly stressed. However, owners apparently did not notice other signs.

In addition to these obvious signals, the veterinary behaviourist also rated dogs as highly stressed if they were trembling, had lowered ears and a low tail. The VB’s ratings correlated closely with the amount of time the dogs showed stress signals and the number of signals, but owner ratings did not. 

You would expect a veterinary behaviourist to give more accurate ratings because of their prior training, but this shows the need to educate people about signs of stress in dogs. If owners are missing stress at the vet, where they might expect their dog to be stressed, they are likely also missing it at other times. 

Photo: Aleksandr Junek Imaging s.r.o; top, Monkey Business Images. Both Shutterstock.

When it was time to go to the consultation room, some dogs tried to refuse by not moving. The VB had successfully identified many of these dogs as highly stressed, but owner ratings were not linked to this behaviour.

The videos showed that more than half of the dogs showed at least four signs of stress in the waiting room. The most common were nose licking, panting, lowered ears, crying, grooming, and yawning. Statistical analysis grouped all the signs into five categories: passive avoidance, active avoidance, high anxiety, high arousal, and medium anxiety.

Another interesting finding is that according to the owners, 58% of dogs knew they were going to the vet before they got there.  

During the study, the waiting room was empty except for a person operating the video camera. Few of the dogs had previously been hospitalized or had a painful condition, but 76% were said by the owners to have some situations when they got stressed.

If your dog is afraid at the vet, you can comfort them (the idea that you shouldn’t is a myth). You might also like to take tasty treats (like chicken or cheese) to the vet with you, to help your pet have a positive experience. There is also a Fear Free vet movement started by Dr. Marty Becker. 

If you liked this post, check out my book Wag: The Science of Making Your Dog Happy. Modern Dog magazine calls it "The must-have guide to improving your dog's life."

Does your dog find vet visits stressful?

Zazie Todd, PhD, is the award-winning author of Wag: The Science of Making Your Dog Happy and Purr: The Science of Making Your Cat Happy. She is the creator of the popular blog, Companion Animal Psychology, writes The Pawsitive Post premium newsletter, and also has a column at Psychology Today. Todd lives in Maple Ridge, BC, with her husband, one dog, and two cats. 

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Reference

Mariti, C., Raspanti, E., Zilocchi, M., Carlone, B., & Gazzano, A. (2015). The assessment of dog welfare in the waiting room of a veterinary clinic Animal Welfare, 24 (3), 299-305 DOI: 10.7120/09627286.24.3.299

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